Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test: Advanced Plasma Cell Detection
Understanding the Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test
The Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test represents a cutting-edge diagnostic approach in modern pathology and oncology. This specialized laboratory procedure utilizes advanced immunohistochemical staining techniques to detect the presence of CD138, also known as syndecan-1, on cell surfaces. CD138 serves as a crucial marker for identifying plasma cells, which are specialized white blood cells responsible for antibody production. The test’s precision and reliability make it an indispensable tool for healthcare professionals seeking accurate diagnoses of plasma cell-related disorders.
Scientific Foundation and Clinical Significance
Immunohistochemistry operates on the principle of antigen-antibody interactions, where specific antibodies bind to target proteins in tissue samples. In the case of CD138 testing, monoclonal antibodies specifically designed to recognize the syndecan-1 protein are applied to tissue sections. When these antibodies bind to CD138 antigens present on plasma cells, they create visible staining patterns that pathologists can examine under microscopy. This method provides unparalleled cellular-level information that traditional staining techniques cannot achieve.
What the CD138 Test Detects and Measures
The Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test specifically identifies and quantifies plasma cells in tissue specimens through several key measurements:
- Plasma Cell Identification: Precisely distinguishes plasma cells from other hematopoietic cells
- CD138 Expression Levels: Measures the intensity and distribution of CD138 protein expression
- Plasma Cell Infiltration: Assesses the extent and pattern of plasma cell involvement in bone marrow and other tissues
- Malignant Transformation Indicators: Helps differentiate between normal plasma cells and malignant plasma cell populations
- Treatment Response Markers: Monitors changes in plasma cell populations following therapeutic interventions
Who Should Consider the CD138 Test?
This diagnostic test is particularly valuable for individuals presenting with specific clinical scenarios and symptoms that may indicate plasma cell disorders:
Clinical Indications and Symptoms
- Patients with unexplained bone pain or pathological fractures
- Individuals showing elevated protein levels in blood or urine tests
- Those experiencing unexplained anemia, fatigue, or weakness
- Patients with kidney dysfunction or renal impairment of unknown origin
- Individuals with recurrent infections or compromised immune function
- Patients with abnormal bone marrow biopsy findings requiring further characterization
- Those being monitored for multiple myeloma or other plasma cell dyscrasias
Comprehensive Benefits of CD138 Testing
The Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test offers numerous advantages for both patients and healthcare providers:
Diagnostic Precision
This test provides unparalleled accuracy in identifying plasma cell populations, enabling precise differentiation between reactive and neoplastic conditions. The high specificity of CD138 staining reduces diagnostic uncertainty and facilitates confident treatment decisions.
Treatment Guidance
By accurately characterizing plasma cell disorders, the CD138 test helps oncologists develop targeted treatment strategies. The information obtained guides therapeutic selection, dosage determination, and treatment duration planning.
Prognostic Value
The extent and pattern of CD138 expression can provide valuable prognostic information, helping predict disease progression and potential treatment responses. This enables more personalized patient management approaches.
Monitoring Capabilities
The test serves as an effective tool for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy over time, allowing for timely therapeutic adjustments when necessary.
Understanding Your Test Results
Interpreting CD138 test results requires specialized expertise, but understanding the general principles can help patients comprehend their diagnosis:
Positive CD138 Staining
A positive result indicates the presence of CD138-expressing plasma cells in the examined tissue. The interpretation depends on the clinical context, staining pattern, and accompanying findings. In bone marrow specimens, increased CD138-positive plasma cells may suggest plasma cell dyscrasias, including multiple myeloma.
Negative CD138 Staining
Absence of CD138 staining typically indicates that plasma cells are not present in significant numbers or that the cells present do not express this specific marker. This finding can help exclude certain plasma cell disorders or suggest alternative diagnoses.
Quantitative Assessment
Pathologists evaluate not only the presence of staining but also the percentage of positive cells and the staining intensity. These quantitative measures provide crucial information about disease severity and characteristics.
Clinical Correlation
It’s essential to understand that CD138 test results must be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings. Your healthcare provider will integrate all available information to establish a comprehensive diagnosis.
Test Pricing and Availability
| Test Name | Discount Price | Regular Price |
|---|---|---|
| Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test | $76 USD | $112 USD |
Turnaround Time
- Sample Submission: Daily by 6 PM
- Report for Block: 5 days
- Tissue Biopsy: 5 days
- Tissue Large Complex: 7 days
Sample Requirements
Submit tumor tissue in 10% formal-saline OR formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded block. Ship at room temperature. Essential documentation includes a copy of the histopathology report, site of biopsy, and complete clinical history.
Nationwide Accessibility
We maintain comprehensive diagnostic facilities across the United States, ensuring convenient access to the Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test in all major metropolitan areas. Our network includes specialized centers in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Phoenix, Philadelphia, San Antonio, San Diego, Dallas, San Jose, and numerous other cities nationwide. Each facility operates with state-of-the-art equipment and employs experienced pathologists and laboratory technicians dedicated to providing accurate and timely results.
Take Action for Your Health
Don’t let uncertainty about plasma cell disorders delay your diagnosis and treatment. The Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test provides the clarity needed for informed medical decisions. Our team of oncology specialists and pathologists stands ready to assist you through every step of the diagnostic process.
Book your Immunohistochemistry CD138 Test today by calling our dedicated healthcare line at +1(267) 388-9828 or schedule your appointment through our online booking system. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of plasma cell disorders, and our comprehensive testing services ensure you receive the highest quality diagnostic care available.
